Teachers' Day in Iran; Flag Day in Poland

• 1670 – A Royal Charter granted the Hudson's Bay Company a monopoly in the fur trade in Rupert's Land.
• 1808 – Beginning of the Peninsular War: The people of Madrid rebelled against French occupation of the city.
• 1829 – Captain Charles Fremantle of the Royal Navy established the Swan River Colony, the first British settlement on the west coast of Australia.
• 1945 – World War II: General Helmuth Weidling (pictured), commander of the German troops in Berlin, surrendered the city to Soviet forces led by General Georgy Zhukov, ending the Battle of Berlin.
• 1982 – HMS Conqueror launched three torpedoes and sank ARA General Belgrano during the Falklands War.
• 1986 – Henri Toivonen died while leading the Tour de Corse rally, resulting in FISA, the sport governing body for motor racing events, banning the powerful and popular Group B rally cars for the following season.